The Wizard Of Oz By F. Frank Baum - 1604 Words

Produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 musical fantasy film. It is the most commercially successful adaptation of the 1900 novel The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, written by L. Frank Baum. It was a box office failure when it was first released, making only $3,017,000 on a $2,777,000 budget, a meager profit of $240,000. It wasn t until it was subsequently released did it make a substantial profit. Although It was nominated for six Academy Awards, this film failed to be victorious. The Wizard of Oz did, however claim first place in the Best Original Song for Over the Rainbow. The Wizard of Oz s theme is about a girl named Dorothy, unappreciative of what she has at home. In spite of the fact that Oz was a magical place with witches good and bad, wizards and talking animals, Dorothy missed her life in Kansas. She was also saddened that she had forsaken her obligation to care for her aunt back home. The film begins with Dorothy in Kansas. During a terrible tornado, she is unwillingly whipped up and dropped into the land of Oz. Her unforgettable words throughout the movie are, There s no place like home. The theme throughout the movie is her desire to return to her typical life in Kansas. (1939). As the tornado winds whirled Dorothy into the land of Oz, she while in her house landed on the Wicked Witch of the East. Even though Dorothy was celebrated for killing the witch by the citizens of Oz, her only desire was to return home.Show MoreRelatedThe Wizard Of Oz By F. Frank Baum1423 Words   |  6 PagesThe Wizard of Oz, is undoubtedly one of the most monumental films of all time. Being the first full-length, live-action film to be colored, it was a pivotal film in movie history. Audiences were awe-struck with the shocking new use of color. With the addition of color to the still quite new use of sound in pictures, viewers were given an even more fantastically realistic experience. The Wizard of Oz is a classic story which shares the journey of Dorothy Gale and her adventures which take her to whereRead MoreThe Wizard Of Oz By F. Frank Baum Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pages The motion picture, The Wizard of Oz was released by the studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer on August 12,1939. The movie was adapted from â€Å"The Wonderful Wizard of Oz† writings of L. Frank Baum in 1900 (Maltin 2015). The imaginary children’s fable is recognized by the enduring musical score, the many idioms used: â€Å"Lions and tigers and bears, oh my!† and â€Å"Follow the yellow brick road† are phrases recalled in the movie (Wizard 1939). The fledgling Dorothy character and dog Toto traverse a pathway in KansasRead MoreWonderful Wizard of Oz as Allegory2212 Words   |  9 PagesIn Lyman Frank Baum’s, more commonly known as Frank L. Baum, novel The Wonderful wizard of Oz Baum describes a story in which a young girl Dorothy and her dog, Toto go on a magical journey from the dull, gray land of Kansas to the colorful, magical land of Oz. This girl and her dog meet three companions, a Cowardly Lion, a Brainless Scarecrow, and a Heartless Tin Man and hav e adventure in the Land of Oz and untimely help Dorothy get home. In Baum’s allegorical The Wonderful Wizard of Oz he uses satireRead MoreWizard of Oz as a Fairytale Essay4056 Words   |  17 PagesWizard of Oz as a Fairytale This question is deceptive in its apparent simplicity as it raises some problematic issues, which extend beyond the text right across fairytale scholarship. The term fairytale itself is a contentious one and is unpopular with many folklorists (see Luthi, Warner, Luke). Often epithets like wondertale, magic tale are employed. Even in some English translations of European works the more semantically accurate Russian or German termsRead MoreFeminism in The Wizard of Oz4177 Words   |  17 Pagesï » ¿The Wizard of Oz Film and Book Background The Wizard of Oz is a book by L. Frank Baum written in 1900 and adapted into a musical fantasy in 1939. It starred a young Judy Garland, and was notable because of its use of special effects, color, unusual characters, and a fantasy storyline made into a major motion picture. It has become almost iconoclastic in film history, shown regularly on network television and becoming a part of American cultural history. The song Somewhere Over the Rainbow,

Analysis Of George Orwell s Orwell Essay - 2648 Words

Born Erick Arthur Blair, Orwell disregarded his birth name and changed it to George Orwell. After Orwell changed his name, he transitioned from a supporter of the British imperial to a literary political rebel. Orwell lived in India in his younger years, and later attended a preparatory boarding school in 1911 on the Sussex Coast. Orwell did not come from a rich family but a hardworking family. His mother was a French extraction in India and his father was a minor British official in the Indian Civil Service. In preparatory school, Orwell was known to be a brilliant, poor student, and was treated differently than the middle-class students. Growing up, he was shy and an ill-tempered boy who told his stories through autobiographical essays and satire stories. In 1922, Orwell won two scholarships to England s leading schools, Winchester and Eton. He chose to attend Eton, and once graduated, he decided to follow his family’s hardworking tradition. Parallel to his father, Orwell mo ved to Burma and became an Assistant District Superintendent in the Indian Imperial Police. From boyhood, he always wanted to become a writer, and with realization of the forced British Imperial Political System amongst the Burmese people he felt ashamed of his position; therefore, Orwell expressed his memories and reactions of imperial rule in his novel Burmese Days and autobiographical essays, A Hanging and Shooting an Elephant, all classics of metrical exposer. In 1927, Orwell decided notShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwell s Orwell Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pagesvicious conflicts. Author, George Orwell, seeks to find the effects of citizens in 1936 during the Spanish Civil War. Orwell witnessed â€Å"nightmarish atrocities committed by fascist political regimes,† (1984) on citizens of Spain, Germany, and the Soviet Union. The government of Spain, the Soviet Union, and Germany captured â€Å"tens of thousands of civilians and refugees who [died] in concentration camps and prisons† (Process of Extermination). These vicious acts lead Orwell to fear the idea of a totalitarianRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Orwell 1048 Words   |  5 PagesWar is peace. Freedom is slavery. Ignorance is strength.† Three famous, contradictory statements learned and accepted. 1984 by George Orwell depicts a future of a totalitarian nation called Oceania. Suppressively ruling over the lives of its civilians, the fictional natio n leaves even the ruling class with little to no freedom. Constantly monitoring its civilians, the nation attempted not only to control the actions of its people but also the thoughts. Although this scenario sounds fictitiousRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Orwell 2993 Words   |  12 PagesSynopsis 1984 by George Orwell takes place in London, which is in a totalitarian country called Oceania and is about a man named Winston Smith who is an irrelevant member of the ruling party, or the â€Å"Party.† He is very frustrated about the Party’s great oppression because it controls everything from language to the nation’s history. Thoughts against the country, or â€Å"thoughtcrimes†, are considered illegal, one of the worst crimes, and punishable by death. The Party forces people to refrain from usingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984848 Words   |  4 Pages Critical Analysis In the George Orwell’s novel 1984, much of the society is watched and have no privacy of any kind. Every person in the Party is under surveillance. In effect, these people cannot live freely and independently, but it seems to be an impossible task because of of the Party surveillance, and how they limit thinking and manipulate reality. We can similarly see these concerns and their effects in today s society and the ways the novel also acts as a warning for the future. In 1984Read MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Orwell Shooting An Elephant 1189 Words   |  5 Pagescolonized by the imperial power, weaker countries have been granted the powers of sovereignty, while western finance capital retains control of the lion’s share of their profitable resources Orwell has been left with Hamlet’s dilemma â€Å"to shoot or not to shoot† the Elephant. The â€Å"tiny incident† has provided Orwell â€Å"a better glimpse of the real nature of imperialism the real motives for which despotic governments act.†   When he killed the animal, he joined ranks with the imperialists as he was actingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Everyday Life 1380 Words   |  6 Pagesthe English Language, George Orwell explains how language is used to hide facts that may sound displeasing to the public, while in his text The Psychopathology of Everyday Life (1901), Sigmund Freud proves how language is used to hide unacceptable thoughts deep within our minds. Orwell and Freud hold different opinions on what language is used to hide due to their differing historical contexts, but they both conclude that language, in its current state, cannot be trusted. Orwell offers several reasonsRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s The Elephant 1034 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwell began the essay with his perspective on British domination. He stated that it is evil and alongside of that it is oppressive. He felt hatred and guilt toward himself and the Burmese people. The people of Burma did not feel threatened because the narrator of the story had killed the elephant. The Burmese people have lost their dignity and integrity while trying to fight off the British imperialism. Orwell uses allegories to describe his experience of the British imperialism and he hadRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 19841423 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel 1984 by George Orwell, the Party has many strategies and tactics that help them have complete control of the people of Oceania. The control the Party has maintained gives them the ability to manipulate people as a result. The Party takes away the people’s freedom to have a say in their government and become their own person. They use their power to an extreme against the people rather than to help the people. The Party takes advantage of every opportunity to instill fear in the citizensRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 949 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"1984† is a story which takes place in what was then the future of England. The book illustrates a dystopian society in which a government figure named â€Å"Big Brother† rules above all. The country is surrounded by eyes so to speak, devices called â€Å"telescreens† are in houses and buildings to monitor what all of the citizens are doing via camera. Coupled with that is the existence of the â€Å"Thought Police† whose sole job is to monitor citizens from committing â€Å"thoughtcrime† which is essentially thinkingRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s 1984 923 Words   |  4 Pages1984, is a book written by George Orwell giving the reader a view of what a dystopian government would be like. The government of Oceania controls the lives of it’s citizens; posters of a figure known as â€Å"Big Brother† are seen all over and emphasize that he is always watching it’s citizens. The government enforces rules and regulations amongst it’s citizens, restricting them from giving their own opinion or even opposing the government. Thoughtcrime, face crime, and double think are all strictly

Short Story Me and Dave and Mount Olympus - 735 Words

Me and Dave and Mount Olympus The human race is divided up in many different group based on nationality, race, economy etc. According to the UN declaration of human rights, every individual has the treated as an equal no matter race, gender, religion or others. But this is not what we see in the world this day today. One of the world biggest problems today is social and economical inequality. The economical inequality problem can be helped by financial chances, fx. Through a fair distribution of the governmental tax money. Social inequality lays much deeper in the human species because the society always has been divided into several social groups. This is a problem today because human of a higher order feels to people with a lower social rank, which creates a lot of ignorance and hate. Michel Faber’s essay from 2006; Me and Dave and Mount Olympus, deals with problem such as inequality, social accept, ignorance and realisation. The story is told as a memory by a first person narrator. The use of a first person narrator makes the telling become very authentic and realistic, which draws the reader’s attention. His story appears as a storytelling because of his slight use of spoken language. This is seen at page 4, second section. â€Å"OK, so this welsh skinhead could never read ‘Four Quartets’, could barely read the ‘Beano’†. The story is told chronologically told, and helps to make the story seem like a memory. The telling way is very describing, which, especially in the

Essay on Jamestown Vs. New England Colony - 1272 Words

Jamestown and the Massachusetts Bay Colony had many similarities and differences. Many of these differences were due to their physical location and climatic conditions. The success of both colonies can be contributed to strong leadership and the characteristics of the personalities of the settlers that inhabited each settlement. Many of the early problems in both settlements can be contributed to a lack of knowledge on the parts of the settlers along with attacks from neighboring Native American tribes. The Jamestown colony was located near present day James City County, Virginia. Jamestown was the first permanent settlement by the English in what is in current day known as the United States. The location of Jamestown was selected†¦show more content†¦However, before the ships reached the mouth of the James River they crossed paths with three supply ships from England. Along with much needed supplies for the fort, these three ships also carried a new leader for the col ony, Thomas West who later became known as Lord Delaware. Governor West brought a new way of thinking with him and a strong determination that the colony must not be abandoned but that Jamestown represented a future for English expansion. Despite Governor West’s arrival, some people still sailed back to England. One of these people, John Rolfe, brought with him a new strain of tobacco and new marketing ideas. In the end, John Rolfe ended up affecting Jamestown as much as Governor West’s arrival had. (jamestown virginia) The Massachusetts Bay colony was an east coast colony near current day Boston. The Massachusetts Bay colony was formed as a Puritan settlement. (Massachussettes bay) Most of the original 400 settlers of the colony were Puritans. The colony celebrated its first Thanksgiving on July 8, 1629. After this, the Massachusetts Bay colony had a period of continual growth and expansion due to many ministers reacting to the oppressive religious policies of England. (the Massachusetts Bay Colony wikipedia) Many Puritan ministries developed due in part to the influx of puritans that vastly dominatedShow MoreRelatedEssay On Jamestown Vs Plymouth705 Words   |  3 PagesJamestown vs Plymouth The essay discusses from the story â€Å"From the generall histroy of Virginia†, by John Smith, a histrorical narrative is about the landing and the discovery of Virginia in 1607 at a place called Jamestown, this was the first permanent english settlement in the new world, the americas. Also â€Å"From of Plymouth plantation†, by William Bradford, a historical account, is about when 13 years later about 100 settlers went on the big fancy ship called the Mayflower and landed in MassachusettsRead MoreThe Colonization Of The New World1068 Words   |  5 PagesFrom 1689 to 1763, almost 200 years after Columbus’ discovery of the New World, several European nations fought to acquire their share of America’s wealth. The Spanish, leaders in the exploration of the New World, were the first to colonize the Americas. In 1494, two years after Columbus’ expeditions, the Treaty of Tordesillas was ratified by the Pope. This treaty split the New World between Po rtugal and Spain. By the mid 1500s, Spain had gained control of much of western South America, Central AmericaRead MoreThe Settlement Of Jamestown : A Historic Event1013 Words   |  5 Pagesplace. The settlement of Jamestown happen. Jamestown is located on an island in the James River, hence the name. This was known as the first permanent English settlement in the New World, which was a big deal. This settlement showed that people would be able to live and survive in the United States. It proved that England could sustain itself even so far from its origin. The settlement of Jamestown was one of the most important historic events to happen in America. England was ready to make a moveRead More Smith vs. Bradford Essay641 Words   |  3 Pages Smith vs. Bradford Have you ever wondered whose hands our country was in at the start of our time? Captain John Smith was one of the first American heroes. He was the first man to promote a permanent settlement of America. William Bradford was a Puritan who was courageous and determined to set up a colony where citizens could worship freely. Although both of these men were two of America’s heroes, they had more differences than known. Thus, Smith was a very proud and boastful man. Before reachingRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Plymouth And Jamestown1185 Words   |  5 PagesPlymouth vs Jamestown Leaders of Plymouth and Jamestown are both compare because they both came from England, Native Americans aided the newly incorporated groups by supplying them for food, and both empires resulted in the starvation and death. However, in Jamestown, John Smith set a goal to make money and get rich, developed the idea of everyone for themselves, men were the dominant gender, and Smith abandoned the colony and never decided to return. As for Plymouth, William Bradford s’ goal wasRead More Development of VA vs Mass Essay examples931 Words   |  4 PagesDevelopment of VA vs Mass A colonist’s primary goal in traveling to the New World was escaping economic depression by seeking new fortunes elsewhere. Most members of the Virginia Company came to the New World with hopes of finding gold and capitalizing on lucrative trade opportunities. Economic gain was also on the minds of Massachusetts Bay Company members, but more central in their motives for leaving was to avoid the religious persecution that threatened their lives in England. A meagerRead MoreEssay about New Englanders vs Cheasapeakers1195 Words   |  5 PagesAlex Boyette Mr. Ford APUSH 18 September 2013 New Englanders vs. Chesapeakers (there is no such thing a a Chesapeaker) The people of the New England region were focused more on families and God. Most of the settlers had left England to be free from religious control of The Church of England. Many of the religious people left because they sought God in a different way and were being repressed by the Christians (how?) because of it. The New Englanders were also more of a neighboring settlementRead MoreEngland and Spain ´s Strategies to Conquer the New Land Essay830 Words   |  4 Pages Columbus’s voyage introduced the world to a new land and many opportunities. Powerful countries immediately scrambled to grab as much of it for themselves as they could. Two of the most powerful ones were England and Spain. Both wanted a piece of the new land, a way to grow economically or to escape persecution. Even though they had similar goals in mind, England and Spain had vastly different strategies. English settlers in the colony of Jamestown, founded in May 24, 1607, were welcomed by theRead MoreJohn Smith vs. William Bradford Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Smith vs. William Bradford Laura Ward To many Europeans in the early 17th century the Americas seemed as a new land of opportunity. John Smith and William Bradford were two of the first men who left England seeking adventure and freedom in the New World. Both groups had difficulties while trying to form their colonies and Smith and Bradford were both elected to lead. While they were both great leaders they had very different lives before their journey from England. While starting theirRead MoreVirginia s Key Physical Features1108 Words   |  5 Pageshas a highest elevation is about 1500 to 2500 feet. a. Settlement - A wealthy Englishman, started with only 104 people, founded Jamestown. At the time, their goals were to find gold, and water route. Those who lived there named their land Jamestown, after King James I. Jamestown is located near the James River in Virginia. A Company of London sponsored the colony, which were a group of investors who hoped to profit from the trip sponsored them. They received their charter in 1601 from King James

Revenue Recognition Free Essays

Generally Accepted Accounting Principles: Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) are general guidelines, which instruct firms on how to form their financial statements and how to accurately measure their profit levels. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) forms a conceptual framework that defines the nature and purpose of accounting and provides a theoretical framework regarding the manner in which transactions should be treated. The principles governing accounting procedures, however, may be amended or changed over time, and this may mean that new rules are devised regarding how transactions should be measured, reported, and presented to users (Hodgdon et al, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Revenue Recognition or any similar topic only for you Order Now There should be consistency in the principles used for accounting purposes to promote reliability in financial statements and ensure that all transactions are treated equally by all firms, otherwise there are high chances of financial statements being inaccurate (Wustemann Kierzek, 2005). The essay will describe the principles of revenue recognition, the difference between â€Å"income† and â€Å"revenue†, measurement issues between historical cost and value, matching of revenue and expenses, and the differences between the previous conceptual framework and the amendments made in the new revenue recognition model. The essay will conclude with a summary of the main points made in the answer and an analysis of whether the new proposed model has caused concern to respondents. The principles of accounting form a framework that enables users to properly understand the data included in financial statements and make it useful. It enhances the relevancy of the information, makes it free from error, neutral, and comparable to the financial statements of other firms. One of the current issues prevailing in accounting standards includes the issue of the principles of revenue recognition. (Schipper et al, 2009). iAS 18 and New Proposals Made: There are two main revenue recognition standards which incude iAS 18Revenue and iAS 11 Construction Contracts. However, the main problem with these revenue recognition models is that they may be difficult to comprehend and their application may also be a hassle. Moreover, iAS 18 does not thoroughly provide guidance on the topic of revenue recognition arrangements which have multiple elements. The iASB has decided to revise the accounting standard on revenue recognition as inconsistencies and weaknesses exist in the standard. The proposals for improvement in iAS 18 include removing inconsistencies and weaknesses in the existing revenue recognition framework, improving the standard of comparability of revenue recognition practices across industries, disclosing more vital information in financial statements, and the simplification of the preparation of financial statements. One of the main important distinctions made in the revenue recognition model is the distinction between â€Å"income† and â€Å"revenue†. Income is defined as the economic benefits that a firm may generate in the course of an accounting period which include an increase in the inflows or the value of assets or the decrease liabilities that in turn increases equity. This does not include the additional contributions made by existing and new equity holders. However, revenue is defined as the income that arises in the course of ordinary activities of an entity such as the sale of goods etc. The prevailing issue in accounting standards is when to recognize revenue and how to measure it reliably. According to the new accounting standard, revenue is recognized through the selling goods, the provision of services, and third party’s using the entity’s assets which results in yielding interest, royalties, and dividends. Another major issue in the revenue recognition model is how to measure assets or liabilities and whether to measure them at cost price or at value. Using the cost method may be considered reliable as the cost is known, yet the problem arising in the use of cost is that it relies on past figures (Cairns, 2006).Using the value method may be considered more useful or reliable as it uses up-to-date information but may not always be accurate as the current value of assets or liabilites may vary in measurement from firm to firm (Cairns, 2006). According to IAS 18 (Olsen Weirich, 2010) revenue shall be measured at fair value which is the amount at which an asset or liability can be settled between two knowledgeable willing parties in a transaction conducted at arm’s length. There are various conditions which result in the recognition of sales, such as when the entity has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards associated with the ownership rights of the goods, the entity holds no managerial or controlling rights over the goods sold, the revenue generated and calculated from the sales can be measured reliably, the entity will benefit from the economic benefits of the transaction, and the costs incurred with respect to the transaction can be reliably calculated (Olsen Weirich, 2010). Problems with Proposed Standard: The costs associated with each of the transactions must be matched to the revenue generated and these costs are categorized as expenses. Each sale results in the occurrence of an expense which must be recognized in coordination with the revenue generated and put in its respective category in order to ensure the balancing of the income statement. However, the new proposed standard has given rise to significant feedback from users which includes the suggestion that while the recognition of revenue generated through selling goods, includes the transfer of control or an assessment of whether risks and rewards have been transferred, it should also include a collectability clause (Olsen Weirich, 2010). However, other respondents have asked â€Å"transfer of control† to be particularly defined before it is included in the model (Wagenhofer, 2013). While the new revenue recognition model provides a detailed basis for accounting standards and has defined a wide scope for the proper classification of transactions, the feedback received has suggested that the model is too complex and confusing for immediate implementation as it is inconsistent with previous frameworks and would require practice and getting used to in implementation. Moreover, other users have also mentioned that the model requires additional information regarding the meaning of certain rules and terms in order to be accurately implemented and used within all firms such as the meaning of â€Å"collaborator†. It is suggested that the Board review the new accounting principles that it has introduced and provide detailed explanations and examples of how to appropriately apply the standards to financial statements. It is also highly suggested that in order to improve the applicability of the new revenue recognition model, the inconsistencies between the previous model and the new model must be removed, the terms used in the new model must be clarified, and the suggested additions may be made. References Cairns, D. (2006). â€Å"The use of fair value in IFRS.† Accounting in Europe. Vol. 3(1) pp. 5-22. Hodgdon, C., Tondkar, R. H., Adhikari, A., Harless, D. W. (2009). â€Å"Compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards and auditor choice: New evidence on the importance of the statutory audit.† The International Journal of Accounting. Vol.44(1) pp.33-55. Olsen, L., Weirich, T. R. (2010). â€Å"New revenue?recognition model.† Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance. Vol.22(1) pp. 55-61. Schipper, K. A., Schrand, C. M., Shevlin, T., Wilks, T. J. (2009). â€Å"Reconsidering revenue recognition.† Accounting Horizons. Vol. 23(1) pp. 55-68. Wagenhofer, A. (2013). The Role of Revenue Recognition in Performance Reporting. Working Paper, University of Graz. Wustemann, J., Kierzek, S. (2005). â€Å"Revenue recognition under IFRS revisited: conceptual models, current proposals and practical consequences.† Accounting in Europe. Vol. 2(1) pp.69-106. How to cite Revenue Recognition, Essay examples

Logistics Management of Business Operation

Question: Discuss about the Logistic Manangement. Answer: Introduction Logistic management is a very important part of supply chain management, which includes several processing such as planning controlling of the effective movement of the goods, reverse flow, services, goods storage, coordination between the origin the final destination (Dyckhoff, Lackes Reese, 2013). This assignment covers a brief detail of a Singapore based NTUC FairPrice Company. Moreover, it also tries to find the interface of few of the core sectors of the Company such as production, accounting finance, marketing with the logistic part of the market. Further, it also covers an analysis of the current order processing system of the Company. The management of inventory is also the part of this assignment. A brief about the NTUC FairPrice NTUC FairPrice is the largest super market chain of the Singapore that operates through 100 of its supermarket chain across the island. It was first established in the year 1973 as NTUC Welcome Supermarket in Toa Payoh to minimize the rising prices of oils and daily goods. One of the major changes that took place was the merging of NTUC Welcome with the SEC to give birth to a large cooperative Limited known as NTUC FairPrice Co-Operative Limited. After the merging, the Company started its operation as a centralized distribution system to enhance the efficiency in the processing of goods to various stores. However, FairPrice then owned the system in the year 1998 to have the ownership of the distribution and the warehouse Company. In 2003, FairPrice came up with some new idea and opened up a new 13,000 square meter area for the distribution of fresh food (Talk, 2016). The refrigerated facility thus introduced in the system did enable the processing and distribution of fresh chilled p roducts to all the network chain. Moreover, the move was to increase the efficiency of the Company in supplying fresh chilled products to its different outlets to achieve a maximum customer satisfaction. The Company is the first of its kinds in the Singapore, which owns its fresh food distribution centre (About Us, 2017). Interfaces In regards to the organization considered as one of the largest shareholders in the retail market of Singapore, NTUC Fair Price Shop operates on a functional strategy of supply chain management. The operation of logistics and its efficiency can only be managed by virtue of the respective important aspects of the business operations. Strategic, operational and tactical are three of the major activities that determine the logistics management (Park, 2013). A full proof operational management includes the integration of the major areas of concern for NTUC Fair Price Shop which has initiated this e- business mode in quite recently. The procedures of supply chain and inventory management are in collaboration with three of the most significant factors in the process of the retail industry (Goh, 2015). The standard procedure for a proper logistics management composes of an appropriate distribution system, the network of information which can be either centralized or de-centralized and the decisions of inventory management. The distribution and operation of functions performed within a network of more than 130 outlets in the similar retail chain involves a number of functions that serves at least 1000,000 customers in a daily frame (Rushton, Croucher Baker, 2014). The core functional areas in which logistics serve as an interface have been defined in the manner of the following: Production: The production management of the the retail market entails a detailed structure. This structure includes the units of production which is determined by the demand and supply aspects of the market. The operations of the NTUC Singapore Free Price Shop deals in collaboration with the manufacturing unit which looks, allows and assigns the track of the product. In fact the proper engagement of the various products must be enclosed within the following outcome of the concerned product. The storage and identification of the prospective network and its configuration is ultimately the key for decoding the analysis of the products that are being retailed by the organization (Bottani et al., 2014). Finance and Accounting: In a large set up of about five different types of brands that regulate this retail giant in Singapore, a large amount of investment determines the functionality. (See, 2015). The estimation and accounting figures in a scenario of the FairPrice Finest, FairPrice Extra and not in any way different from the numbers of the following online store that has been involved form the year of 2016. In fact the logistics management depends on the factor of the appropriate numbers that helps in understanding the value and balances the accounting phenomenon in a retail set up (Liu, 2017). Marketing: The characteristic of proper marketing is one of the most important factors which help in enhancing the promotional procedures and strategies of NTUC Singapore Free Shop. This can be regarded as one of the chief points which ascertain the best of the resources (Talk, 2016). In fact the segmentation, targeting and positioning strategies of the various products which are involved in the retail market will evaluate this element and understand the techniques in this manner. All the three factors of the interface are interdependent on each other which have been observed in the cyclical manner (Kad?ubek Grabara, 2015). Order Cycle The prevalent system of order and transfer of the product from the manufacturer to the ultimate customer involves many processes. It undergoes a multiple number of methods through the interface of the order cycle that can be analyzed in arriving to a concrete decision. It runs on an objective of providing the customers a hassle free procedure, which will help in creating a better impression. The customer satisfaction in a retail scenario is one of the most significant factors in this process (de Carvalho Lima Jr, 2013). There is a sequence that follows the order and processing before it finally reaches to the payments. To put it in a simple form, order cycles can be described as the process through which order line proceeds. Order cycles consist of processing steps, such as, Enter in the line, Pick Release or Shipping Confirmation. Every cycle action must correspond to one result. For example, the results for the action Enter include the options Booked, Partial or Entered. The seque nce of order cycles can be customized based on the prerequisites that have been mentioned by customers. Once mentioned, it needs to be performed before proceeding to the next step. It is a very simple and organized technique. Therefore the format has been made with the help of the track records of the previous consumer and they it also follows a format that makes it more personal. The purchase and delivery procedures are effective largely, and it can further be enhanced in the future by recommendations and analysis from several market and economic experts. The customers are still the chief objective in a retail business. It has been regarded as one of the best providers of an assortment of products which aids in it its customer satisfaction and collaboration process with the business enthusiast (de Carvalho Lima Jr, 2013). Currently, the process that are involved after ordering a product from NTUC Fair Shop Singapore, is very efficient in the nature of determining how a product is managed, assorted and delivered in the hands of the consumer. Attending to customer satisfaction, in the process involves both the facilities of Cash-on-Delivery and Credit Card Payments that are involved in the operations of delivery. The basic aesthetic of delivering the product at the right place and at the right time keeps the allegiance to the brand which is maintained by NTUC FairPrice Shop (Kad?ubek Grabara, 2015). In spite of many stores that are spread all across Singapore, the introduction of the online store has facilitated the customer experience and management over the past one year. Since NTUC deals mainly with a range of fresh products that require the enterprise to deal with products from the wholesalers and farmers and organic products it must employs tools that will be effective in nature. The need for achieving efficiency in regards to inventory management and also the supply chain management includes the service and other process that pertain it. The processing and the application of the system within the similar forum are very necessary to comprehend the logistic theories and management of the NTUC Singapore Fair Price Shop (Talk, 2016). Inventory Management Inventory management is one of the most important features of any organizational operation (Bierwirth, 2012). Moreover, it is that branch of a management, which provides a controlling power to the Company on its various products and goods. An inventory consists of various products goods of the Company that it operates for in the target market. In this assignment, the Singapore based Company NTUC FairPrice is mainly a Company that has a wide range of super market chains in the country. However, the Company has enhanced its expertise by merging with the SEC Company to add another dimension in their operational features (Kappauf, Lauterbach Koch, 2012). Moreover, the Company has now its own distribution centre, which it has opened to increase its efficiency in distributing a fresh chilled products goods to the consumer. Two kinds of a management are included in the management of inventory for the NTUC FairPrice Company. The one mode of management is related to its own distribution c entre while the other mode is the adoption of SAP technology for their inventory management experts in the Company (Balakrishnan, 2013). Moreover, the merge with the SEC Company to have its own distribution centre to maintain the quality of goods is just an example of their management strategies. Moreover, the plan was to distribute only those goods that are fresh and chilled. However, Technology does play an important role in the maintenance of inventories for a Company of NTUC FairPrice kind. Nevertheless, the Company believes in incepting new technological dimensions to its operations to maintain a competitive edge in the market (de Carvalho Lima Jr, 2013). Moreover, adding new technologies to its operational management do also enable a more advanced management of the inventory. On a same note, the switching of the Company from the Oracle operation to the SAP technology does simply tells the story of their inventory management style. Nevertheless, to manage an inventory a technological platform is needed in the Company where the experts work on to maintain all the inventories (Kad?ubek Grabara, 2015). The inclusion of SAP as an IT partner in the Company speaks about its supreme thinking about the technology to manage its inventories. The inception of the SAP technology would lower down the operation point to a significant level, which would allow mana gement of inventories at the more efficient rates than ever before. IT is also helpful in lowering down the burden from the experts who are managing the inventories by providing a more sophisticated and user-friendly platform to them in the form of SAP (Kappauf, Lauterbach Koch, 2012). Recommendation The decision-making system model for logistics is very important from the market perspectives as it encourages taking decisions on complex issues. Moreover, it also enables the researcher in recommending a point to the NTUC FairPrice Company, which has the largest super market chains in Singapore (Rushton, Croucher Baker, 2014). The point of recommendation is for the entrance of the Company into some other potential market such as India. Nevertheless, the expansion of its business to India might produce a resonant response in their favor, as it is one of the cultural hubs for shopping. Conclusion NTUC FairPrice is one of the most reputed Companies in Singapore, which is the largest company in the super market chains in Singapore. The operation style of the Company is commendable for the fact that it enhances its operation by making merge and partnerships with other companies. Moreover, it does so to enhance the quality of performance to meet with the customers requirement. The merge with the SEC Company in the year 1983 to have its own distribution centre simply tells the story of their management style. On a same note, the partnership tie with the ExxonMobil Company to open FairPrice Express was another very important move of the Company in the direction of their logistic management strategies. The partnership was done to introduce its products at the ExxonMobil centers, which could provide an enhanced exposure to the products of the Company. Moreover, the strategy to enhance its business operations by adding new dimensions to its product line and supporting the business ope ration with the help of advanced technologies such as Oracle and SAP simply speak about their measurable approaches. Reference About Us. (2017). [online] Fairprice.com.sg. Available at: https://www.fairprice.com.sg/wps/portal/fp/aboutus [Accessed 23 Feb. 2017]. Balakrishnan, N. (2013).Handbook of the logistic distribution. CRC Press. Bierwirth, C. (2012).Adaptive search and the management of logistic systems: Base models for learning agents(Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. Bottani, E., Ferretti, G., Montanari, R., Rinaldi, M. (2014). Analysis and optimisation of inventory management policies for perishable food products: a simulation study.International Journal of Simulation and Process Modelling 11,9(1-2), 16-32. de Carvalho, C. C., Lima Jr, O. F. (2013). Efficient logistic platform design: the case of Campinas Platform. de Souza, R., Goh, M., Lau, H. C., Ng, W. S., Tan, P. S. (2014). Collaborative urban logisticssynchronizing the last mile a Singapore research perspective.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,125, 422-431. Dyckhoff, H., Lackes, R., Reese, J. (Eds.). (2013).Supply chain management and reverse logistics. Springer Science Business Media. Goh, M. (2015). Urban Logistics in Asia. InTA-Q-BIN(pp. 3-22). Springer Singapore. Kad?ubek, M., Grabara, J. (2015). Customers' expectations and experiences within chosen aspects of logistic customer service quality.International Journal for Quality Research,9(2), 265-278. Kappauf, J., Lauterbach, B., Koch, M. (2012).Logistic Core Operations with SAP: Inventory Management, Warehousing, Transportation, and Compliance. Springer Science Business Media. Liu, L. (2017). Research on the Causes and Countermeasures of the Price Dispersion of Online Retail Commodity. InProceedings of the Fourth International Forum on Decision Sciences(pp. 747-760). Springer, Singapore. Park, S. E. (2013).Consumer surplus moderated price competition. Technical report, University of California, Berkeley. Rushton, A., Croucher, P., Baker, P. (2014).The handbook of logistics and distribution management: Understanding the supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. See, A. W. (2015). Understanding an Option to Renew a Lease: AREIF (Singapore I) Pte Ltd v NTUC Fairprice Co-operative Ltd [2015] SGHC 28. Talk, O. M. (2016). Operations management.

Workplace Debriefing and Support Processes- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theWorkplace Debriefing and Support Processes. Answer: Introduction Group debriefing normally involves teams that work through numerous incidents at the workplace. On the other hand, Critical Incident Stress Debriefing refers to a crisis intervention process that is composed of seven phases which are normally used or applied in the organization after an event that is deemed to be significantly traumatic. Owing to the fact that the two new staff members of the Bright Future Group organization had already undergone the demobilization and defusing processes, it is important for the Mitchell Debriefing Model to be used. In order to ensure that Bright Future Group organization has the relevant procedures that will ensure that no bad incidences recur in the organization, appropriate and viable interventions will have to be put in place (Baker, 2017). The three debriefing sessions that will be put in place through the use of the Mitchell Debriefing Model are here below 1st debrief report Session Report Date 25TH SEPTEMBER 2017 Location TEAM LEADERS OFFICE Facilitator TEAM LEADER Attendees: TEAM LEADER TWO VOLUNTEERS COUNSELLOR Absent: TIM Session Goals: -The session was aimed at getting a guideline for the rest of the sessions -Minimize stress levels among the two volunteers who had been negatively affected by the incident. -Make them aware of how they should deal with such actions in future and enable them effectively handle stress. Debriefing Stages 1.Introduction The members present introduced themselves and eventually the facilitator described how the whole process shall be. The guidelines for the whole process and sessions were made and members were encouraged to get involved in the process freely (Higgins et al, 2017). However, for safety of all members, sessions were kept confidential and it was agreed that in the next meeting, the clients who witnessed the incident in which the two volunteers were racially abused by Tim will be called to shed some light on how it occurred (Merry et al, 2015). 2. Facts This session was aimed having participants especially the clients to provide vital information or facts regarding how the incident happened. Each of them was given a chance of providing a short description of what happened (Burns, 2016). The clients were also discouraged against discussing their personal reactions during the session 3. Phase 3: Thoughts-Staff members were asked regarding what they thought about the incident that happened. 4. Phase 4-Reactions-the affected victims who were the two volunteers were asked about the incident. 5. Phase 5: Symptoms-Victims were asked regarding the impacts of the incident on their personal and professional lives as well as on their context. 6. Phase 6: Teaching-After the identification of the impacts, corrective measures were taken in order to reduce such effects. 7-Phase 7: Entry: During the final stage, the two volunteers submitted their final statements and a summary of all the vital issues which were discussed during the sessions were made. Topics Covered Stress management, Conflict Resolution, and cultural and Individual differences. Referral Recommendations -Further sessions to be carried out in organizations regarding stress management. -Make all people aware on the best way of conflict resolution. -A counselor was at hand just in case the two volunteers required further counseling. They were also advised to seek for counseling from outside counselors if need be. Session Reflection-It is important for all and sundry to positively interact regardless of their cultural, ethical, religious, and cultural backgrounds since we are all one people. People should never be discriminated or be punished based on the above aspect and there is need that effective conflict management mechanisms are implemented in organizations across the world (Baker, 2017). 2nd Debrief Report Session Report Date 26TH SEPTEMBER 2017 Location TEAM LEADERS OFFICE Facilitator TEAM LEADER Attendees: TEAM LEADER TWO VOLUNTEERS COUNSELLOR Absent: TIM Session Goals: -The session was aimed at getting a guideline for the rest of the sessions -Inform the volunteers against actions to be taken against the culprit -Discuss on how the two will be compensated by the organization. Debriefing Stages 1.Introduction The members present introduced themselves as usual and the agenda for the day put forth (Merry et al, 2015). 2. Facts A review of what transpired in the previous session was made and a discussion on the actions to be taken against the culprit was made (Burns, 2016). 3. Phase 3: Thoughts-Staff members were to give their contributions on the actions to be taken against the culprit. 4. Phase 4-Reactions-Members reacted on the numerous disciplinary measures that had been put forth by members. 5. Phase 5: Symptoms-Victims were asked to suggest the final way of punishing the culprit. 6. Phase 6: Teaching-After the identification of appropriate disciplinary measures, all members agreed that in future, more harsh disciplinary actions will be meted on offenders. 7-Phase 7: Entry: During the final stage, the two volunteers thanked the facilitator for the action to be taken. Topics Covered Disciplinary measures and conflict resolution. Referral Recommendations -People who caused more grievous bodily harm to others to be sacked or be imprisoned instantly. -More harsh disciplinary actions to be meted against any offenders in the organizations. - Counselor was at hand just in case the two volunteers required further counseling. They were also advised to seek for counseling from outside counselors if need be. Session Reflection-People in the organization should learn to live with each other in peace and harmony (Baker, 2017). Third Debrief Report Session Report Date 26TH SEPTEMBER 2017 Location TEAM LEADERS OFFICE Facilitator TEAM LEADER Attendees: TEAM LEADER TWO VOLUNTEERS COUNSELLOR Absent: TIM Session Goals: -The session was aimed at getting a guideline for the rest of the sessions -Inform the volunteers against actions to be taken against the culprit -Discuss on how the two will be compensated by the organization. Debriefing Stages 1.Introduction The members present introduced themselves and a discussion on how the culprit would be arrested put forward (Merry et al, 2015). 2. Facts All people present discussed ways of ensuring that the offender Tim was brought forward and charged (Burns, 2016). 3. Phase 3: Thoughts-All people present held the view that Tim should be looked for and charged according to the rule of law. 4. Phase 4-Reactions-Members were very bitter about Tim and they swore that he should never be allowed back in the organization. 5. Phase 5: Symptoms-It was apparent that the two volunteers were happy of the decision that had been taken by management. 6. Phase 6: Teaching-All people were willing to give evidence in ensuing that Tim was charged against the incident. 7-Phase 7: Entry: During the final stage, the two volunteers thanked the facilitator for the action to be taken against the people who offended them. Topics Covered Disciplinary measures and conflict resolution. Referral Recommendations -People who caused more grievous bodily harm to others to be sacked or be imprisoned instantly. -More harsh disciplinary actions to be meted against any offenders in the organizations. - Counselor was at hand just in case the two volunteers required further counseling. They were also advised to seek for counseling from outside counselors if need be. Session Reflection-People in the organization should learn to live with each other in peace and harmony (Baker, 2017). References Baker, P. A. (2017). Attending to debriefing as post-incident support of care staff in intellectual disability challenging behaviour services: An exploratory study. International Journal of Positive Behavioural Support, 7(1), 38-44. Burns, B. (2016). Caring for colleagues through debriefing. Kai Tiaki Nursing New Zealand, 22, 12-42. Coughlan, B., Powell, D., Higgins, M. F. (2017). The Second Victim: a Review. European Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology. Perry, W., Civil, I., Mitchell, S., Shuker, C., Merry, A. (2015). Reducing perioperative harm in New Zealand: the WHO Surgical Safety Checklist, briefings and debriefings, and venous thrombembolism prophylaxis.

Politics of developing Nations

Abstract The complexity of the group of nations that are referred to as developing countries continues to escalate by the day. This diversity stems from both the economic and social-political structures that define the status of a given country.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Politics of developing Nations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More More often than not, these countries have developed one or two areas of specialty that enables them to cope up economically with other countries; this is mainly in the form of production of minerals, agriculture or rendering some special services. The exploitation of these sectors usually provides the blueprint for achievement of the set developmental targets, in that the degree of exploitation of these sectors often dictates the state of development. In the face of these, these countries at the background happen to be mired in startling catastrophes’, issues th at undermine the rate of economic growth. Biting poverty, total absence to little or no security, inequity and the citizens being denied their basic human rights are sometimes the order of the day, they characterize the life of the populace that dwell in these Nations. In addition to the above mentioned problems which the middle class country has to grapple with, lies the underlying factor, in most states it is the weak political structures and the absence of a political will to combat and accommodate the divergent views that the leadership may experience. In a nutshell, this paper will focus on; the factors that have contributed to the conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), the conflict minerals in DRC and, the governments efforts put in place to avert conflicts and the conclusion of the paper. Introduction Endowed with immense natural mineral resources is the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), a country crippled by the political jinx that has bedeviled it, consequen tly dragging its economy to a near collapse. The tug-of- war for the control of the mineral rich eastern DRC dates back in the year 1965, the era of coup, that subsequently led to the overthrow and untimely death of Patrice Lumumba, the then premier of DRC (Lobe, 2003). The mastermind of the coup d’à ©tat was Lieutenant General Mobutu, who later became the president of the DRC.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The demise of the then Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba led to political and civil unrest, that consequently bred a host of militia groups. One such significant rebel group was led by Laurent Desire Kabila, a political antagonist of Mobutu and a proponent of Patrice Lumumba (Lobe, 2003). Laurent Kabila’s rebel forces executed intermittent but less radical attacks on the Mobutu’s forces for more than three decades, but it was not until th e year 1996 when he launched his serious attack on the government’s forces (Benedict, 2006). In December 1996, Kabila’s rebel forces backed by Rwanda, Uganda and Angola, started their exodus towards the west, committing atrocities to the civilians with a motive of conquering the Mobutu’s government (Lobe, 2003). The Kabila’s invasion, which was later designated as the ‘First Congo War’, culminated to the ousting of Mobutu, who later passed on in the year 1997 in Morocco (Lobe, 2003). The self-proclaimed President Laurent Kabila took over the power and the control of the nation with its vast mineral resources. The year 1998 so to it the inception of the ‘Second Congo War’, a war that was characterized by conflicting interests amongst different African countries neighboring the DRC, and the diamond mining companies which were supporting the Kabila’s government in return for better mining deals (Benedict, 2006). The governmen ts which were against Kabila’s government were however, the Rwandan and Ugandan governments. The duo, who had helped the Kabila’s rebel forces to topple the Mobutu’s government, had their own selfish interests geared towards seeking favors from the Mobutu’s government, and ultimately benefit from the mineral rich regions (Hochschild, 2004). After the ‘First Congo War’, the two nations were reluctant to leave, prompting Kabila, who was receiving hostility from the public due to his inclusion of the foreigners in his government, to oust them tersely (Hchschild, 2004). The two nations retaliated by throwing their weight behind the rebel forces, trying to attack Kabila’s government from different directions. Burundi followed suit by backing the rebel forces adding to Kabila’s predicaments. By 23rd August 1998, the rebels had conquered the diamond rich Kisangani centre further weakening Kabila’s government (Ismi, 2001). In an effort to consolidate his government, Kabila started fostering diplomatic relations with other African nations which later bore fruits (Benedict, 2006). These led to the mitigation of the rebellious groups enhancing political sobriety in the DRC. It was on 18th January 1999 in Windhoek, Namibia, when a consensus for a ceasefire was reached bringing calm to a nation that was in the threshold of collapse (Rosthchild, 1996). The accord did not however change much the situation in DRC since there was continued upheavals especially in the diamond rich Kisangani centre, where rebels were still fighting for the control. This resulted to: loss of life, loss of properties, displacement of the citizens and fleeing of other citizens to the neighboring nations to seek asylum (Snow, 2006).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Politics of developing Nations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The attempts to bring to an end the massacres in the DRC so to it the intervention of the UN peace forces in February 24th 2000, which was to foresee the enactment of a prior ceasefire agreement (Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement) geared towards disarming of all groups (Rosthchild, 1996). In January 16th 2000, in Zimbabwe, an aborted assassination attempt on President Laurent Kabila, so him escape with fatal injuries (Lobe, 2003). President Kabila, who succumbed to sustained injuries, later died paving way for his son Joseph Kabila, who was sworn in as the next president by the parliament which was loyal to his government (Benedict, 2006). In April 2001, a panel of eminent persons from the UN carried out an â€Å"investigation on the illegal exploitation of diamond, copper, gold, coltan and other lucrative resources† (Ismi, 2001). Their report brought to books three states including Rwanda, Uganda and Zimbabwe governments accused of robbing of the DRC of its natural resources (Rupesighe, 1987). Sanctions were impo sed on these nations in an effort to punish them. In spite of diplomatic interventions and signing of never-ending agreements, the foreign rebel forces presence were still evident. Sick and tired of war, the forces either started withdrawing or joining Joseph Kabila’s government buttressing his influence to the entire nation (Lobe, 2003). The exploitation by foreign states with respect to illegitimate acquisition of the mineral sources did not however end. On 21st October 2001, a UN report accused Ugandan and Rwandan governments of â€Å"illicit trafficking of plundered resource† (Lobe, 2003). It was not until 30th July 2006 after the promulgation of the new constitution, that a democratic atmosphere was felt which led to the formation of an interim government and, on 30th August, a free and a fair election was held (Benedict, 2006). The election, which was a two horse race between Joseph Kabila and Jean-Pierre Bemba, resulted in the triumph of the later, garnering a m assive 44% of the total votes (Benedict, 2006). The ‘Second Congo War’ is certainly the most lethal conflict of the recent times in history since the World War II. The aftermath of the war, which is felt up to date, has led to lose of approximately more than 5.4 million lives (Hochschild, 2004). The causes of deaths were mainly; hunger and diseases, coupled with violation of human rights and crimes against humanity. The war has left a disturbing legacy characterized by; insecurity along the eastern border adjoining Rwanda to the DRC, spontaneous uprising of unorganized and yet weaker rebel groups, looting of resources, and rape among others (Ismi, 2001). All these are impediments towards a stable political friendly economic.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The factors that have contributed to the conflicts in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Being one of the epicenters of the essential mineral resources in Africa, the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) is not a safe heaven for investment due to its unstable political atmosphere. The DRC has experienced a lot of setbacks in the quest to achieving its political stability ever since independence. This is a country marred by coup, a string of spontaneous insurgency causing political turmoil to the otherwise good state. To the centre of these conflicts are the selfish interests that are deeply rooted in their leaders, who make arbitrary political decisions at their whims. Majority of the mineral deposits in DRC are skewed towards the east, a region that has claimed many stakeholders from within and outside the borders of the DRC (Ismi, 2001). The stakeholders, who are mainly illegitimate owners, are always corrupt demanding bribes from the interested parties bagging in millions of d ollars money (Ismi, 2001). The cash obtained from their dubious dealings are the sole causes of political instability, since they are used to fund rebel groups (Monty, 2003). These illegal interests include the ‘local militias, Congolese and Rwandese rebels’ (Lobe, 2003). These groups control a vast region of more than half of the deposits dwarfing the region owned by the government. Although there are many mineral deposits in the DRC serving various industries around the world, the spotlight has been on the minerals supporting electronic industry (Rupesinghe, 1987). Electronic industry renders a wider market for the minerals in the DRC, feeding a â€Å"range of complex supply chains, serving as raw materials for component parts in everything from cell phones and cutting tools to jet engines and jewelry† (Monty, 2001). Efforts by an array of stakeholders have tried to come to the bottom of these evils by trying to establish the connection between the minerals and the conflicts. Giant steps have been made by the electronics industry to address the issue at hand. NGO’s have lobbied campaigns with an aim of bringing awareness to the public domain on how the two issues relate (Rosthchild, 1996). The government has however, tried to establish laws and legislations that bars dubious supply chains that, hinder a maximum revenue collection with respect to mining (Rosthchild, 1996). Conflict minerals in DRC and, the government’s efforts put in place to avert conflicts Stakeholders have established three significant issues that have played pivotal role in sparking conflicts in the DRC. These issues focus on; supply chain responsibility, government engagement and, economic development and capacity building (Rosthchild, 1996). With regards to supply chain responsibility, a responsible chain of supply seeks to bring sanity in the supply, by addressing potential issues that might ignite conflicts (Rosthchild, 1996). The chain should also en courage tracking and traceability of a particular mineral in order to find the genesis incase of any conflict (Rosthchild, 1996). To curb mineral conflicts in the DRC, the stakeholders call for government engagement that will enact laws and legislations, merge with international aid programs and, generally foster peace in the region (Rupesinghe, 1987). The stakeholders further try to avert the conflict by campaigning for economic development and capacity building, which generally seeks to benefit the locals by channeling back the revenues obtained to the community. There are many supply chains in the DRC mineral rich eastern region based on the type of mineral. These minerals benefit the armed groups by generating cash used to purchase arms important in the invasion of the rival groups. They generate their revenues through taxation and generally trading on the minerals after seizure and control of mine holes (Benedict, 2006). The groups benefiting from these mineral deposits are mai nly the rebels groups, with taxation revenues accounting for the vast share. However, the mineral industry in the DRC does not only benefit the rebel forces but it does also sustain the livelihood of the Congolese people. It is alleged that the industry supports a population 16% of the total population either directly or indirectly. The supply chains encompass so many middlemen from the mineral deposits to the final user. There are however, underground artisanal miners who are considered illegal and, they are actually the stumbling blocks towards the achievement of a transparent supply chain (Ismi, 2001). The artisans, who are normally small scale miners, are always tax evaders performing their tasks such that they avoid both the government and the rebels. The efforts to establish the origin of the minerals are always hampered by the inclusion of foreign minerals causing mix-up in the minerals. Nevertheless, the miners wrestle with the issues touching on the infringement of their ri ghts, prompting the NGO’s to intervene. There have been so many reported cases of sexual abuse, child labor, and, deaths due to collapse of the mine holes not (Snow, 2006). All these issues are barriers towards economic development, political stability notwithstanding. Changes in the demand of the minerals, coupled with the lack of substitute minerals, are the main catalyst sparking conflicts in the region (Monty, 2001). There is a likelihood of unabated conflicts amongst different factions if, the purchase of the conflict minerals will continue outside the stipulated supply chains. It is upon the stakeholders to coordinate the functions of supply chains to arrest the problem (Monty, 2001). A government commitment in the quest to restore political stability will be a great incentive that will mitigate the socio-economic evils synonymous with the region. The dilemma faced by the DRC government in an effort to consolidate its power over the control of the mineral rich eastern r egion include; â€Å"weak local governance institutions, porous borders and limited transparency in international supply chains† (Rupesighe, 1987). The most critical issue that has enhanced vulnerability of the Kabila’s government to insurgent groups is a weak local government. The Kabila’s government needs to take a keen eye on this particular issue, which has eluded him to date, limiting his influence on the region. It is evident that foreign governments have been and are still funding rebel forces to some extent (Hochschild, 2004). It is only through diplomatic relations that the DRC government can restrain these foreign intrusions. In a nutshell, the governments responsibilities in an effort to bring calm the situation in eastern DRC should be geared towards fostering peaceful atmosphere with its neighbors. Efforts by the DRC’s government together with the international community have to some extend influenced the psychology of the interested parties trying to bring sanity to the industry. Among the recent endeavors is the revised DRC Mining Code; a code that seeks to harmonize with the international standards to enhance transparency in the mining industry. The Code was nevertheless criticized as being a plot by the senior government figures to exploit artisanal miners. Moreover, the government’s agility to insist on supply chain traceability has elevated the level of transparency an octave high (Rupesinghe, 1987). The international community has nevertheless played their part. The US government through its legislation called ‘Conflict Mineral Trade Act’ emphasized on the need for traceability on the minerals obtained by its companies (Rupesinghe, 1987). Another US effort led by the secretary of states in the year 2009, called upon the countries official to address issues like corruption and sexual abuse (Snow, 2006). The United Nations has had its fare share of contribution aimed at restoring peace and polit ical stability in the region. It has a group of experts on the ground reporting on the progress of activities in the region (Monty, 2001). Other groups e.g. the European Union have shown their concern in the need for a sobriety in the region. The companies have improved their levels of participation in the peace building of the war-torn mineral rich region of the DRC. Their concern is depended on the gravity of their activities (Monty, 2001). The companies engage their member countries into diplomatic relations, enhancing peaceful atmosphere for trade which is a great impetus to the conflict mitigation. There are a number of ways that the interested companies engage their governments into a cordial relationship with DRC. Companies may also engage themselves with the government, abiding by its legislations thereby enhancing transparency in the supply chain. In a synopsis, the need for a calm political environment calls for the company’s participation in collaboration with the central government. The success of a chain of supply largely depends on the impact it has to its locals and, its efforts to establish the origin of the mineral tackling the issue of conflict minerals in a ‘bottom-up’ direction (Rupesinghe, 1987). Conclusion The problems that are continuously being experienced by the Democratic Republic of Congo are partly attributed to its mineral deposits which are located in the periphery of the central government. The location of these deposits towards the eastern border far from the central government is a hindering factor that has influenced the predomination of the rebel forces in these regions. In pursuit for supremacy over mineral rich regions, it is necessary that the government engage in international relations with other nations. The government should come up with legislations and laws that enhance efficient flow of business activities devoid of selfish interest that might spark war. The government should encourage Non Govern mental Organizations participation to create awareness to the public as well as trying to educate them on the relation between minerals and conflicts. This will enable the government curb conflicts and hence enjoy a peaceful environment that will encourage economic growth Works Cited Benedict, Lindsay. â€Å"DR Congo on the Brink: International indifference to the deadliest conflict since World War II† Journal on the Congo War. 23.4 (2006). 4-10. Print. Hochschild, Adam. â€Å"In Congo, Dark Heart of Mineral Exploitation†. London: Oxford University Press, 2004. Print. Ismi, Asad. â€Å"The Western Heart of Darkness: Mineral-Rich Congo Ravaged by  Genocide and Western Plunded†. Dehli: Kathak and sons publishers, 2001. Print. Rothschild, Donald. â€Å"Containing fear: The Origins and Management Of Ethnic Conflict †Ã‚  Journal of International Security. 21. 2 (1996) :41-75. Print. Lobe, Jim. â€Å"Global Businesses Profit from Congo War, Groups Charge,â⠂¬  Journal of  mineral conflicts.68.5 (2003): 13-18. Print. Monty, G Marshall. Ted, Gurr and Deepla, Khosla. Peace and Conflict: A Global Survey  of Armed Conflict, Self Determination Movements and Democracy. New York: University of Maryland Publication, 2001. Print. Rupesinghe, Kumar. â€Å"Theories Of Conflict Resolution And Their Application To Protracted Ethnic Conflicts.† Journal Of Peace Proposals.18.4: (1987): 527-539. Print. Snow, K Harmon and David, Barousky. â€Å"Behind the Numbers: Untold Suffering in the  Congo.† Nairobi: East African Publishers, 2006. Print. 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